Induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein Mcl-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MCL1 gene. The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the Bcl-2 family. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. The longer gene product (isoform 1) enhances cell survival by inhibiting apoptosis while the alternatively spliced shorter gene product (isoform 2) promotes apoptosis and is death-inducing. The protein MCL1 has a very short biological half-life of only 20–30 minutes. The loss of MCL1 has a more dramatic impact than the loss of any other anti-apoptotic member of the Bcl-2 family. MCL1 also has a role in the cell's energy production, working in the intermitochondrial space.
It is reported that a powerful mitochondrial autophagy promoter UM1-77 has been discovered. UMI-77 targets MCL-1, which was previously considered a key anti-apoptotic protein. At the same time, MCL-1 is also a mitochondrial autophagy receptor, which can interact with LC3A to promote autonomous mitochondrial bite. More importantly, studies have confirmed that in the APP/PS1 mouse model, mitochondrial autophagy induced by UM1-77 can significantly improve the pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
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